GREEN PROJECTS

In global geopolitics, carbon neutrality is a priority. This concept emphasizes measures to offset environmental harm, particularly by reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

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Transitioning the world to zero-emission life is one of the biggest challenges our planet has ever faced.

The rapidly growing pace of the industrial revolution over the past 100 years has had a significant impact on the nature and climate of the Earth.

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For the transition of the entire planet to such a life, it will be necessary to reset all systems, developments, methods used in our daily life and production.

Today, energy sector emissions account for approximately three-quarters of total greenhouse gas emissions, and their reduction is a critical factor in preventing the worst effects of climate change. 

Replacing polluting coal, gas and oil with energy from renewable sources such as wind or solar will significantly reduce carbon emissions.

Clean hydrogen can significantly change the current energy geopolitics. 

The main directions for the use of hydrogen in the future are determined:

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• export;

• decarbonization of industry;

• decarbonization of transport;

• decarbonization of the housing and utilities sector;

• robotics.

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The world community is encouraging decarbonization - the concept of restructuring the economy and all energy systems in order to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which will affect the & nbsp; reducing environmental impact.

Around pure hydrogen and its derivatives  new trade routes may emerge. Countries with typical sunny and windy weather can become major exporters of "green" fuel and centers of "green" industrialization. 

To date, extractable hydrogen is not “clean”, as there are certain things that need to change:

1. Hydrogen is mainly produced from fossil fuels without the use of carbon capture, use and storage technologies

2. Hydrogen is used almost 100% as an industrial raw material, that is, it is used immediately on site.

For hydrogen to qualify as “clean” and become a necessary element in the transition to “green” energy, both of these points must be radically changed.

Depending on the method of production, hydrogen is marked with colors.

So "green" is called hydrogen, which can be obtained during the electrolysis (decomposition) of water. It is considered the cleanest, but also the most expensive, since its production requires a lot of electricity, which also needs to be obtained somehow. In this case  uses electricity from renewable energy sources (RES), such as wind, solar or hydropower, so  there are no CO2 emissions and hydrogen is considered “green” 

"Gray" and "blue" are hydrogen extracted from natural gas by steam reforming of methane - a complex chemical process. The steam conversion of methane to hydrogen produces two end products: pure hydrogen and carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide). The latter is a greenhouse gas.

When steam reforming releases carbon dioxide directly into the atmosphere, the hydrogen is referred to as "grey". If the gas was captured during steam reforming, then the hydrogen obtained in this way is called "blue".

However, the interest of the oil and gas industry is to develop technologies for capturing the CO2 released during the reaction and pumping the gas back into the oil and gas reservoir forenhanced oil recovery.

To change  the second point is to resolve the issue of hydrogen transportation. Since hydrogen in its natural state can only be transported by a hydrogen pipe, which actually does not exist today, this causes some difficulties.  At the same time, hydrogen can be easily processed into ammonia, which is easily transported in tanks. It is then processed back into hydrogen by a chemical reaction at its destination.

A relatively “new” raw material that contributes to the transition to a global “clean” energy is & nbsp; blue and green ammonia.

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Ammonia is a chemical compound that contains three hydrogen molecules and one nitrogen molecule. As mentioned above, blue ammonia can be used as a raw material for green hydrogen through a simple chemical reaction.

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It's called green ammonia.ammonia NH3, which is produced from the green hydrogen obtained fromelectrolysis water usingrenewable energy without selectioncarbon dioxide CO2. Green ammonia is a promising alternative to carbon-based fuels that paves the way for full decarbonisation.

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According to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan, our country wants to reduce carbon emissions by 15% by 2030. At the moment, in percentage terms, the size of "green" energy is about 3%.

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Kazakhstan can become one of the world's centers of "green" energy, as there is an opportunity to develop renewable energy sources due to weather conditions on its territory.

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Our design institute plans to participate and is participating in projects for the development of the above high-tech areas - hydrogen energy and the decarbonization of industry and transport, the development of technologies for the production, storage and transportation of hydrogen, and CO2 utilization.

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KPSP is considering as promising areas of design - the production of "blue" and "green" hydrogen and ammonia.

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The main directions of the Institute's project activities in the field of green energy are:

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• Development of projects focused on the export of low-carbon hydrogen and ammonia, as well as the development of domestic demand;

• Power supply systems based on hydrogen electrochemical generators;

• Production, transportation and storage of hydrogen and chemical compounds based on it;

• Development of hydrogen transport systems and refueling infrastructure;

• Renewable Energy;

• Information and analytical support.

The goal of KPSP in this direction is the development of projects related to the production, sale and consumption of carbon-free and low-carbon hydrogen and chemical compounds based on it, as well as the transfer and development of relevant technologies.

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CONSTRUCTION OF A GREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PLANT IN THE KARAKIYAN DISTRICT OF THE MANGISTAU REGION

As part of the construction of a plant for the production of "green" hydrogen and "green" ammonia  in the Karakiya district of the Mangistau region, it is planned to produce up to 2 million tons of "green" hydrogen and up to 11 million tons of "green" ammonia per year on the basis of solar and wind stations with a total capacity of 40 GW.

Thanks to this project, Kazakhstan will increase its ability to supply large volumes of hydrogen or ammonia to European and Asian markets, as well as accelerate the transition of its economy to environmentally friendly rails.

The project is  at the Pre-FEED stage  and is implemented by the well-known German company Svevind, where the main contractor & nbsp; at this stage is Genesis, a subsidiary of the French engineering and technology company Technip Energies). The Pre-FEED stage will form the basis for making important technological decisions on the project and making further investment decisions.

On the part of KPSP, LLP "TKJV (TIKEYJEYVI)" (a joint venture of Karaganda Promstroyproekt Institute LLP with a French company with TECHNIP ENERGIES) takes part in this project